# 教你如何配置VSCode来开发C++程序
# $\color{red}\text{UPDATE:再提醒一遍本文仅支持Windows}$
Visual Studio Code,是微软开发的一款开源IDE，它支持几乎所有主流平台，支持几乎所有代码的代码提示，代码高亮，还可以使用插件。但它安装之后默认并不能支持C++，而现在大部分OIER都使用C++，所以在这里我将教你学会配置VSCode.(注：本篇文章适用于Windows)
## 安装VSCode
访问Microsoft的官网 [Hit Me](https://code.visualstudio.com/)
选择自己的平台，下载安装，一路点下去安装。然后你就可以打开VSCode了。
## 配置工作区
这一步应该是最简单的了，直接在欢迎界面点击打开文件夹，打开自己写代码的路径，就可以啦。
## 配置C++代码高亮
VSCode并没有内置高亮，所以我们要安装插件。
打开VSCode的命令(Ctrl+P),在左边栏的第五个按钮是插件栏，点击它，搜索并安装Cpp插件，耐心等待一会就好啦！
为了验证你配置成功了,新建一个Cpp文件，写一个Hello World，那么在编辑器里，代码应该会自动着色。
## 配置C++编译、调试
在VSCode的配置中，最重要的就是配置编译器。在这里我推荐TDM-GCC。([点我去](http://tdm-gcc.tdragon.net/download))
下载好之后，安装，之后将GCC的bin路径加入系统的环境变量(Path),这一步可以自己百度。
配置好了之后，点击VSCode的调试选项(左边栏第四个),点击绿三角旁边的那一栏，点击添加配置，VSCode会给你一个launch.json，用下面的替换(注意根据自己的配置更改)
```json
{
"version": "0.2.0",
"configurations": [
{
"name": "Cpp Launch",
"type": "cppvsdbg",
"request": "launch",
"program": "C:\\Windows\\System32\\cmd.exe",//使用cmd
"args": ["/c g++ ${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.cpp -o ${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe -g3 -std=c++11 && 略略略\\ConsolePauser.exe ${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe"],//注意将略略略改成自己的ConsolePauser路径
"stopAtEntry": false,
"cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
"environment": [],
"externalConsole": true
},
{
"name": "Cpp Debug",
"preLaunchTask": "build",
"type": "cppdbg",
"request": "launch",
"program": "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
"args": [],
"stopAtEntry": false,
"cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
"environment": [],
"externalConsole": true,
"MIMode": "gdb",
"miDebuggerPath": "略略略", // GDB的路径，注意替换成自己的路径
"setupCommands": [
{
"description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
"text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
"ignoreFailures": true
}
]
}
]
}
```
这个配置文件用到了Dev-C++的ConsolePauser，你可以在Dev-C++的目录中找到它，然后复制到一个地方，更改上面的路径。
接下来，配置tasks.json
Ctrl+Shift+P,输入configure task，选择Others，用下面的代码替换。
```json
{
"version": "2.0.0",
"tasks": [
{
"label": "build",
"type": "shell",
"group": {
"kind": "build",
"isDefault": true
},
"presentation": {
"echo": true,
"reveal": "always",
"focus": false,
"panel": "shared"
},
"windows": {
"command": "g++",
"args": [
"-ggdb",
"\"${file}\"",
"--std=c++11",
"-o",
"\"${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe\""
]
}
}
]
}
```
最后配置头文件部分
打开C:\Users\\(这里改成你的用户名)\\.vscode\extensions\ms-vscode.cpptools-0.17.6
打开c_cpp_properties.schema.json
用下面的替换
```json
{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-04/schema#",
"type": "object",
"definitions": {
"configurations": {
"type": "array",
"items": {
"type": "object",
"required": [
"name"
],
"properties": {
"name": {
"description": "Configuration identifier. Mac, Linux, and Win32 are special identifiers for configurations that will be auto-selected on those platforms, but the identifier can be anything.",
"type": "string"
},
"compilerPath": {
"description": "Full path of the compiler being used, e.g. /usr/bin/gcc, to enable more accurate IntelliSense. Args can be added to modify the includes/defines used, e.g. -nostdinc++, -m32, etc., but paths with spaces must be surrounded with \\\" if args are used.",
"type": "string"
},
"cStandard": {
"description": "Version of the C language standard to use for IntelliSense.",
"type": "string",
"enum": [
"c89",
"c99",
"c11",
"${default}"
]
},
"cppStandard": {
"description": "Version of the C++ language standard to use for IntelliSense.",
"type": "string",
"enum": [
"c++98",
"c++03",
"c++11",
"c++14",
"c++17",
"${default}"
]
},
"compileCommands": {
"description": "Full path to compile_commands.json file for the workspace.",
"type": "string"
},
"includePath": {
"description": "A list of paths for the IntelliSense engine to use while searching for included headers. Searching on these paths is not recursive.",
"type": "array",
"items": {
"type": "string"
}
},
"macFrameworkPath": {
"description": "A list of paths for the Intellisense engine to use while searching for included headers from Mac frameworks. Only supported on Mac configuration.",
"type": "array",
"items": {
"type": "string"
}
},
"defines": {
"description": "A list of preprocessor definitions for the IntelliSense engine to use while parsing files. Optionally, use = to set a value, e.g. VERSION=1.",
"type": "array",
"items": {
"type": "string"
}
},
"intelliSenseMode": {
"description": "If set, it overrides the default mode used by the IntelliSense engine. Windows defaults to msvc-x64 and Linux/Mac default to clang-x64.",
"type": "string",
"enum": [
"msvc-x64",
"clang-x64",
"${default}"
]
},
"forcedInclude": {
"description": "A list of files that should be included before any include file in a translation unit.",
"type": "array",
"items": {
"type": "string"
}
},
"configurationProvider": {
"description": "The id of a VS Code extension that can provide IntelliSense configuration information for source files.",
"type": "string"
},
"browse": {
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": {
"description": "true to process only those files directly or indirectly included as headers, false to process all files under the specified include paths.",
"type": [
"boolean",
"string"
]
},
"databaseFilename": {
"description": "Path to the generated symbol database. If a relative path is specified, it will be made relative to the workspace's default storage location.",
"type": "string"
},
"path": {
"description": "A list of paths for the tag parser to use while searching for included headers. Searching on these paths is recursive by default. Specify '*' to indicate non-recursive search. For example: '/usr/include' will search through all subdirectories while '/usr/include/*' will not.",
"type": "array",
"items": {
"type": "string"
}
}
}
}
}
}
},
"env": {
"type": "object",
"description": "Custom variables that can be reused anywhere in this file using the ${variable} or ${env:variable} syntax.",
"patternProperties": {
"(?!^workspaceFolder$)(?!^workspaceRoot$)(?!^default$)(^.+$)": {
"oneOf": [
{
"type": "string"
},
{
"type": "array",
"items": {
"type": "string"
}
}
]
}
},
"additionalProperties": false
},
"version": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "Version of the configuration file. This property is managed by the extension. Please do not change it."
}
},
"properties": {
"configurations": {
"$ref": "#/definitions/configurations"
},
"env": {
"$ref": "#/definitions/env"
},
"version": {
"$ref": "#/definitions/version"
}
},
"required": [
"configurations",
"version"
]
}
```
至此，就配置完成了，编写C++程序，支持bits/stdc++.h，按F5调试/运行